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IEEE Spectrum

Throughout her career, roboticist Barbara Mazzolai has turned to nature for inspiration. Now she wants to ensure the technology she builds gives back to the environment, too.After starting her career as a biologist, a chance opportunity saw Mazzolai switch streams to engineering

IEEE Spectrum

This article is brought to you by CoolIT, an Ecolab Company.Beyond 250 kW a server rack can no longer be cooled by a hybrid approach of liquid and air. At this density a 70/30 liquid-air split leaves 75 kW of air load. The air cooling system needed to move it brings cost and comp

Simon Willison

Release: llm-typesafe 0.1a0 I built this new plugin for LLM to add support for TypeSafe AI's new Jev model. Install it like this: llm install llm-typesafe Then set an API key (get one here, the waitlist seems to move pretty fast): llm keys set typesafe # Paste key And n

OpenAI

OpenAI is working with an independent Advisory Group on Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence to guide the review and communication of emerging AI results.

OpenAI

With GPT-6 Astra, Higgsfield AI makes video ad creation easier for small businesses and brings new creative tools to market faster.

OpenAI

OpenAI outlines a path to shared global AI standards, calling for coordinated evaluation, reporting, and governance to improve safety.

Hugging Face

Hugging Face

Google's open agentic orchestration runtime

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Agent Substrate: the core system

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The Office Harness for AI Agents — Spreadsheets, Docs, Slides, Canvas, Relational Tables, and PDF in one runtime.

202 stars · 15.1k total

OpenRouter for agent tools. Join community here:https://discord.gg/6mQYYfFMAn

197 stars · 2.1k total

Edit videos with coding agents

155 stars · 25.7k total

CLI tool for configuring and monitoring Claude Code

113 stars · 31k total

Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) enables transcriptomic profiling at cellular resolution but suffers from pervasive dropout events that obscure biological signals. We present SCR-MF, a modular two-stage workflow that combines principled dropout detection using scRecover wit

Large language models (LLMs) have a growing range of applications in medicine, and their evaluation is critical for ensuring they provide benefit and not harm. This evaluation can be more challenging than traditional machine learning for many reasons, including probabilistic and

Benchmark scores alone provide an incomplete basis for assessing the trustworthiness of modern artificial intelligence systems. Large language models (LLMs), agentic systems, and multimodal models (MLLMs) require different forms of assessment, yet their evaluation evidence must r

Cognitive diagnosis infers students' concept mastery from response logs. However, students' responses are not determined by mastery alone: non-cognitive factors such as emotion, engagement, and fatigue can also affect performance. Affective cognitive diagnosis therefore extends c

Deep reinforcement learning enables autonomous robots to learn complex navigation tasks, but still relies heavily on time consuming manual reward design and fine tuning. Existing automated reward generation and refinement methods reduce this effort, yet often lack task-level beha

We present $N_0$-Foundation, a paradigm for tactile-enabled embodied manipulation, which integrates tactile sensing hardware, large-scale multimodal data, tactile representation learning, and standardized evaluation. First, we engineer the infrastructure for scalable data collect

We present $t_0$, a family of open-weights foundation models for forecasting with multivariate context. We release its first two members: $\texttt{t0-alpha}$ and $\texttt{t0-beta}$, respectively 102M and 256M parameters. Both condition their forecasts on target history, past cova

Sparse on-policy distillation (OPD) allocates teacher supervision to a small subset of tokens in student-generated trajectories. However, useful teacher guidance can yield a noisy update when its gradient is estimated from a sampled next token. We study this estimation problem at

Federated learning (FL) has emerged as a leading privacy-preserving framework for collaborative machine learning across decentralized environments. While considerable progress has been made in horizontal federated learning (HFL), where data with common features is distributed acr

Organizations in critical national infrastructure sectors must assess heterogeneous documents for sensitivity before routing or storage. Manual assessment is slow, inconsistent, and unscalable. Extending our prior leakage-controlled benchmark, BERT established the top single-enco

Spatial intelligence, encompassing 3D perception and reasoning, is the essential next frontier of AI. Scaling current 3D vision-language models (VLMs) that rely on dense Transformers for spatial tasks incurs prohibitive computational costs. In this paper, we introduce 3D-MoE, a 3

The rapid adoption of generative AI has created new opportunities for teaching, learning, and quality assurance. Existing applications, however, remain largely student-facing, with comparatively limited attention to institution-level needs. This paper presents a course intelligen

Structured EHR is abundant but sparse, coded, and difficult to use directly for note-centric clinical modeling. We present MedNotes, a multi-agent synthetic data generation pipeline that converts longitudinal structured EHR into source-grounded clinical note representations under

We evaluate the adversarial robustness of three frontier large language models (LLMs) developed by Anthropic, Opus 4.8, Fable 5 and its successor Fable 5.1, against four families of automated jailbreak attack across 7,826 harmful intents spanning a ten-category harm taxonomy. Usi

Reasoning is a fundamental cognitive process underlying inference, problem-solving, and decision-making. While large language models (LLMs) demonstrate strong reasoning capabilities in closed-world settings, they struggle in open-ended and dynamic environments. Agentic reasoning

Machine learning practitioners commonly prototype models in computational notebooks before transitioning them to automated production systems. Despite its prevalence, the concrete engineering work involved in this transition and the software quality concerns that motivate it rema

Quantum computing's environmental footprint remains poorly understood relative to classical infrastructure, and as quantum computing moves toward cloud delivery, Quantum Cloud Service (QCS) providers lack actionable guidance beyond platform-level carbon-accounting frameworks. Obj

Transmission system operators face rising complexity from renewable integration, reduced inertia, and tighter security margins. Large language models offer natural-language decision support, but their hallucinations, uncontrolled tool use, and weak traceability conflict with cont

AI coding agents increasingly support software development beyond code completion, including planning, implementation, testing, and repository-level task execution. Their practical use, however, often remains only weakly connected to established software engineering practices. Th

MCP (Model Context Protocol) enables LLMs (Large Language Models) to interact with external tools and data sources via a standardized protocol. Its rapid adoption in tool-augmented Artificial Intelligence (AI) workflows has introduced new reliability challenges, such as configura

This White Paper gives data engineers and architects a practical overview of how parallel partitioned reads, write-path optimization, and cloud-native bulk loading reduce large-table replication times, and why replication speed has become a business concern as data volumes grow.D

Learn how single-phase direct liquid cooling manages the rising heat of AI and high-performance computing, and how it compares with two-phase and immersion approaches.Download this free whitepaper now!

You might imagine that the DNA in your cells has a simple history. Even though it’s been recombined in every generation through sex and gained the occasional mutation, on the whole the genome has been stable and has been passed down reliably from your ancestors. But that’s not th

Quantum mechanics may be one of the most precisely tested paradigms in science, but there’s still no universally accepted interpretation of what it tells us about reality. How do we get from the wave-like behavior of quantum systems to the solid, macroscopic world of objects and

Around 700 million years ago, a group of organisms resembling little more than glowing, gelatinous blobs split off from the rest of the animals, forming possibly the earliest branching animal lineage. Nearly 200 species of ctenophores, commonly known as comb jellies (but unrelate

Nature Machine Intelligence, Published online: 14 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s42256-026-01314-9Publisher Correction: Quantum neural operators with implicit quadratic frame and expressivity advantages

Nature Machine Intelligence, Published online: 07 September 2026; doi:10.1038/s42256-026-01293-xKumaran et al. show that large language models making decisions on when to answer a question or abstain from answering can be influenced by boosting or suppressing confidence signals i

This interview is part of a series of short interviews from the Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science. Each spotlight features a student answering their choice of questions about themselves and life at MIT. Nathaniel Morgan, from Atlanta, Georgia, is a senior

When an artificial intelligence image generator produces a portrait, whose work went into it? The question sits at the center of lawsuits, licensing deals, and proposed regulations worldwide. Artists want credit. Companies want clarity. Policymakers want a way to assign responsib

Artificial intelligence models are jacks of many trades, including writing, generating images, and creating 3D models. But they aren’t as helpful when it comes to testing robots or designs for vehicles in diverse environments, since they don’t understand physics as well as they d

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AlphaGenome Atlas maps the molecular effects of 9 billion single-letter DNA variants across the human genome.

Google DeepMind partners with game studios to prototype breakthrough AI gameplay.

Generative AI

Algorithms & Theory

General Science

At a glance We report on the recent publication of our retrosynthesis model RetroChimera in the journal Nature (opens in new tab). The paper describes the model’s architecture as well as extensive validation studies, including the model’s ability to recall rare reaction ty

At a glance Skala 1.1 demonstrates the continuously improving nature of Microsoft Research’s deep-learning DFT approach: trained on 2.5× more data than its predecessor, it delivers substantially higher accuracy across key molecular simulation challenges, including thermochemi

At a glance MindTopo is a new benchmark for testing topological reasoning in AI, evaluating whether multimodal models can understand concepts such as connectivity, enclosure, order, separation, and knots. The benchmark measures both reasoning and planning, testing not only

This article is brought to you by Emerson.I’ve spent much of my career as an engineer, including years in the semiconductor industry. And one lesson has stayed with me through every major technology shift: innovation always creates new complexity.In semiconductors, we have seen t

Supply chains in many industries are full of tangles, but for semiconductor tech, that’s putting it lightly. Many chip components are location-constrained and can easily be throttled by geopolitical factors. Chipmaking is also tied up with social and environmental concerns, and i

This article is brought to you by COMSOL.In pursuit of improved range, greater reliability, and faster charging, electric vehicles are driving the demand for high-voltage electronics. Other applications driving this demand include wind farms, data centers, and server farms, to na

Researchers at the University of Toronto published a technical paper titled “GPUThor: Amplifying Rowhammer Attacks via Non-Uniform Patterns to Exploit ECC-Protected GPUs.” Abstract Excerpt “We present GPUThor, a high-intensity Rowhammer attack on NVIDIA GPUs leveraging non-unifor

Modern AI and HPC devices are challenging traditional test architectures. As scan data volume, core counts, chiplet integration, and test coverage requirements continue to increase, conventional DFT methodologies are becoming difficult to scale. Synopsys TestMAX Unified Compressi

New technical papers recently added to Semiconductor Engineering’s library: Technical Paper Research Organization Predictive Structure to Thermal Conductivity Modeling Framework for BEOL Interconnect Stacks in Advanced Technology Nodes Enabled by Extensive Layer Resolved T

Novigrad is forging a pathway for faster, more accessible radiation testing as a growing wave of space missions drives demand for reliable, resilient electronics. The post Canadian Startup Sees Success in Space Qualification appeared first on EE Times.

Discover GUC's design-ready HBM4E PHY and Controller IP, adopted in customers' AI ASICs. The post GUC Announces 2nm 16 Gbps HBM4E IP appeared first on EE Times.

AI tools compress PCB design timelines from months to hours, enabling faster iteration cycles and letting engineers focus on innovation. The post How AI Is Accelerating PCB Design and Prototyping appeared first on EE Times.

Emulation of high-accuracy floating-point matrix multiplication, as in the Ozaki scheme, splits the inputs into low-precision components and multiplies them pairwise. These products must be error-free, and each is an integer matrix product times a scale factor. FP4 Tensor Cores a

As post-quantum cryptography algorithms move toward large-scale data center deployment, hardware acceleration of their computational bottleneck, which is the number theoretic transform (NTT), has gained increasing attention. StreamNTT, a high-level synthesis- and field-programmab

We present Bi-SamplerZ, a rejection-aware cooperative sampling framework that converts this idle capacity into useful computation. After an asymmetric accept/reject outcome, Bi- SamplerZ latches the completed logical result and dynamically reassigns the released physical datapath

Can large language models perform technical comprehension of computer architecture papers--not summarization, but structured critique that names the core mechanism, surfaces buried assumptions, and connects a contribution beyond its own scope? We study Gauntlet, an open-source pi

You sit down and put your arm in the cradle. You press a button. The machine takes it from there.A near-infrared light sweeps your inner elbow, hunting for a vein. A puff of alcohol hits your skin. An ultrasound probe glides across your arm, mapping how deep the vessel runs and w

Video Friday is your weekly selection of awesome robotics videos, collected by your friends at IEEE Spectrum robotics. We also post a weekly calendar of upcoming robotics events for the next few months. Please send us your events for inclusion.Humanoids Summit Seoul: 22–23 Septem

Video Friday is your weekly selection of awesome robotics videos, collected by your friends at IEEE Spectrum robotics. We also post a weekly calendar of upcoming robotics events for the next few months. Please send us your events for inclusion.Humanoids Summit Seoul: 22–23 Septem

Vision-language models (VLMs) provide a compelling foundation for reasoning-driven mobile navigation, offering rich contextual understanding and strong generalization from large-scale pretraining. Most existing navigation frameworks rely on imitation learning and therefore requir

Human videos could reduce the reliance on expensive robot demonstrations, but extracting task-relevant features remains challenging. We introduce 3PoinTr, a method that provides robot policies with a global 3D point-track plan predicted from human videos. Given an initial point c

Dexterous manipulation in confined spaces requires local control of hand orientation. Without a wrist, a dexterous hand must obtain this local orientation through coordinated motion of the robot arm, often involving several joints and a more complex end-effector path. We present

In this paper, we investigate the Minimum Obstacle Displacement Planning problem from a robot motion planning perspective. The problem involves determining a feasible path to a goal location by displacing movable obstacles when no collision-free path initially exists. We show tha

The response header, Vary, has been called “the ugliest part of HTTP that we haven't yet improved.” The same post describes it as a “horrible, kludgy mechanism” with “pretty abysmal interoperability” across intermediaries. That is usually where sensible engineers back away slowly

Nothing is worse than testing out a change that works in staging, only to see it behave differently in production. That’s why we wanted to give you an environment that’s as close to production as possible — so you can battle-test your changes and make sure they behave exactly as

Every time Cloudflare opens a new TLS 1.3 connection to an origin server, we have to make a guess: the protocol requires us to commit to a key agreement algorithm in the very first packet we send, before the origin has told us anything about itself or what it can support. If we g

Last week TypeSafe AI unveiled Jev, their first example of a new category of model that they are calling "System One models" (I'm with Maggie Appleton, I think "decision models" is a better name for these). Jev is an interesting variant on the usual LLM format: it still accepts t

Cloudflare Python Workers are now generally available After a two year preview, Cloudflare's support for running Python code in their server-side Workers platform is now stable: "Python is now a first-class, fully supported language on the Cloudflare Developer Platform". A neat t

The concept of recursive self-improvement (RSI) dates back to I. J. Good (1965), where he defined an “ultraintelligent machine” as a system that can surpass humans in all intellectual activities and design better machines to improve itself. Yudkowsky (2008) used the phrase “recur

Scaling laws are one of the most critical empirical findings in deep learning. The observation is simple in form: the training loss $L$ decreases predictably as we scale up model size $N$, dataset size $D$, and compute $C$, following a power-law curve, which appears as a straight

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ai ea e/acc p(doom) singularity slowdown arms race cyberwarfare drone swarm x-risk consolidation decentralization destabilization — yes. but have you ever heard the ancient refrain of a midsummer song echoing through the forest as you approach a sacred spring on the solstice?

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If you've ever felt like a fraud in an interview in English, this is probably what you need to...

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I started last Monday. Today it's been exactly two weeks. Here's the funny part. I've spent 15...

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Table of Contents A Line That Does Nothing... Except Keep Production Alive Some Code...

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The genesis for the mixed-use residential Ellen Browning Building arose when a group of close friends considered how they could preserve their relationships during their last years. Co-housing, with its spirit of community and shared living spaces, provided the answer. By develop

"The Gallery" is conceived as a contemporary residence where architecture, natural light, movement, and landscape come together to create a calm and refined living experience. The project is inspired by the idea of architecture as a continuous journey rather than a collection of

The Forum at Fabrik invites students and emerging designers to propose a temporary spatial installation for a prominent public-facing site in the Gaslight District, one of Cambridge's emerging cultural and urban destinations. Created to support the next generation of designers, t

Join our upcoming annual edition of “modern conversations”, where we examine spaces of pedagogy to analyze the shifting terrains of educational practices, institutions, and environments that influence the creation and dissemination of knowledge. This inquiry prompts us to conside

The City of Gliwice invites entries for a one-stage urban planning, landscape, and architectural design competition to develop a development concept for the Kłodnica Boulevards in Gliwice. The goal of the competition is to obtain a high-quality urban planning, landscape, and arch

The Oris Day architectural symposium takes place on Sunday, 8 November 2026, in Zagreb, at the Mozaik Event Centre. The central programme will bring together this year’s Pritzker Prize laureate Smiljan Radić Clarke and Swiss architect Christian Kerez. The audience will have the o

IE School of Architecture & Design (IE University) will launch the 2026–27 edition of its RE_SOLUTION public series with a lecture by Fernando Medina, Mayor of Lisbon from 2015 to 2021, followed by a conversation with Jo da Silva, Global Director of Sustainable Development at Aru

Festival des Architectures Vives 2027 in Montpellier: Call for Applications The Festival des Architectures Vives (FAV) has launched its call for applications for its 21st edition, taking place in Montpellier, France, from 15 to 20 June 2027. Under the theme “Shared Happiness”, th

Anthology ASEAN Architecture Festival 2026: Shared GroundArchitecture of Care, Culture, and Collective FuturesOctober 2–4, 2026 · Intramuros, Manila, PhilippinesI. Leading ASEAN Voices in Architecture is coming to Intramuros for Shared GroundGround, in Southeast Asia, has never b

Frank Gehry – Illuminations is a conference and workshop programme held in Istanbul as part of Architecture Week, organised by the Istanbul Association of Architects in Private Practice (İstanbulSMD) in memory of the late Frank Gehry.

For many communities across the Gulf, leaving home once formed part of inhabiting it. Families moved between desert pastures, coastal settlements, wells, fishing grounds, and pearling ports according to season and livelihood, returning repeatedly to places already known through u

Researchers at Parsons School of Design's Healthy Material Lab have released a study that raises concerns about the "many substances harmful to human health" in a typical prefabricated American home. Called Manufactured Homes: An Analysis of Health and Environmental Impacts of C

Charred-timber cladding is contrasted with warm plywood-lined interiors at House in Mibu, a home in Tochigi Prefecture, Japan, completed by local studio Tato Architects. The 108-square-metre home was designed for a couple and their three children in the backyard of the client's p

Architecture studio Grimshaw has designed three stations for City Rail Link in Auckland, New Zealand, guided by Māori cultural values that aim to connect the buildings to their sites. The three city-centre stations, named Te Waihorotiu, Karanga-a-Hape and Maungawhau, form part of

US studio MOS Architects has used aluminium shingles to cover an egg-shaped pavilion at Art Omi in Upstate New York, creating a place to rest that draws stylistically on pre-modern basketry and mid-century futurism. An experiment in form and material, A Dome with Four Oculi was i

New York City plans to relocate inmates from Rikers Island into four jails built from the ground up in Queens, Brooklyn, Manhattan and the Bronx. Here, Dezeen looks at the architecture of each project. Begun in 2017, the NYC Borough-Based Jail Program (BBJ) is largely overseen by

gaetano pesce foundation to continue the architect’s work   The Gaetano Pesce Foundation carries forward the work of Italian architect and designer Gaetano Pesce (1939–2024), extending a practice that treated design as a way of thinking. Announced alongside Gaetano Pesce Studio:

Pitched roof and carved openings shape CORNER Villa in Iran   CORNER Villa is a contemporary residence in northern Iran that began with a simple pitched roof, conceived as a response to the surrounding landscape and local context. The elongated volume developed through its relati

a spiral staircase anchors the building’s triple-height atrium   Marina de Empresas expands its architectural complex at La Marina de Valencia with a third building by ERRE, completing the facilities of the campus dedicated to education and entrepreneurship. Located beside the tw